An error occurred trying to load this video. "[29] A similarity that the two communication styles share is its influence on social characteristics such as age, gender, social class and ethnicity. In a low-context culture, communication occurs through explicitly spelled out and defined words, and listeners just have to interpret spoken or written words as they are. Published: 2020/12/03. High-context cultures also value group harmony above individual achievement. China, Japan, Turkey, and Mexico are some countries that lean towards high-context. A 2008 meta-analysis concluded that the model was "unsubstantiated and underdeveloped".[5]. Intercultural Communication in the Workplace, 18. (The pedestrians example) Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. Resistance in Turkey and India Between World Wars, The Role of Culture & Gender in Listening, The Role of Perception & Bias in Intercultural Communication, Introduction to Educational Psychology: Certificate Program, Educational Psychology: Tutoring Solution, Research Methods in Psychology: Help and Review, Introduction to Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Abnormal Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Social Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Introduction to Psychology: Tutoring Solution, Educational Psychology: Homework Help Resource, UExcel Research Methods in Psychology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Research Methods in Psychology: Certificate Program, Research Methods in Psychology: Homework Help Resource, Create an account to start this course today. Cultural Context | Communication for Professionals - Lumen Learning Wurtz found something similar while analyzing website design. [41] One study on McDonald's online advertising compared Japan, China, Korea, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, Finland, and the United States, and found that in high-context countries, the advertising used more colors, movements, and sounds to give context, while in low-context cultures the advertising focused more on verbal information and linear processes. Hall notes a similar difference between Navajo-speakers and English-speakers in a United States school.[18]. Communicating with high-context cultures can require you to focus on politeness strategies that demonstrate your respect for readers and listeners. Generally, the situation, people, and non-verbal elements are more important than the actual words that are communicated in a high-context culture. (1971). In these cultures, people may rely on body language, tone of voice, and facial expressions to convey meaning, and may not always say exactly what they mean directly. In his work, "Beyond Culture", Hall described these two different types of cultural relationships as they applied to information. [32] Awareness of miscommunication between high- and low-context cultures within the workplace or intercultural communication settings advocates for collected unification within a group through the flexibility and ability to understand one another. classifications are discussed below. Interaction. When a part of these groups, a low-context individual may be more drawn to interpersonal relationships with others than focusing on their own accomplishments and do not require information to be elaborated because they maintain an understanding of group behaviors. For example, Hall describes how Japanese culture has both low- and high-context situations. High Context Culture And Its Importance A low-context culture is a culture in which people communicate explicitly. Japan and other countries located in Asia, Brazil and other countries located in South America, African tribal groups and most countries located in Africa, A majority of the Middle East, including Iraq and Iran, Describe Edward T. Hall's characterization of high-context cultures, Distinguish between high-context and low-context cultures, Explain the characteristics of high-context cultures, Recall the importance of ingroups to high-context cultures. From each culture, 96 business managers were surveyed for the American and Chinese sample and 50 managers were surveyed from Korea. High-context cultures are those in which the rules of communication are primarily transmitted through the use of contextual elements (i.e., body language, a person's status, and tone of voice) and are not explicitly stated. Two Types of Reflective Writing Assignments, Additional Resources for Improving Writing, Consistency in comparatives and listed elements: Parallelism, Hofstede Insights country comparison tool, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oYfhTC9lIQ, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQvqDv4vbEg, https://www.sagepub.com/sites/default/files/upm-binaries/42958_2_The_Cultural_Context.pdf, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Tend to prefer indirect verbal interaction, Tend to understand meaning at one level only, Tend to understand meanings embedded at many sociocultural levels, Are generally less proficient in reading nonverbal cues, Are generally more proficient in reading nonverbal cues, Communication in highly structured messages, provide details, stress literal meaning, Communication is simple, sometimes ambiguous, messages; understand visual messages readily, Define cultural context (Guffey et al., 2013, p. 64), Contrast communicate styles for low-context and high-context cultures (Meyer, 2017, p. 59), Explain how cultural differences can affect workplace communication (Lavin Agency Speakers Bureau, 2014). [36], High-context cultures tend to be more stable, as their communication is more economical, fast, efficient and satisfying; but these are gained at a price of devoting time into preprogramming cultural background, and their high stability might come with a price of a high barrier for development. The cultural context. Guffey, M.E., Lowey, D., Rhodes, K., & Rogin, P. (2013). This means that the members' identity is heavily rooted in groups, i.e., families and work units. Ramos suggests that "in low context culture, communication members' communication must be more explicit. (2014, May 9). In low-context cultures, communication tends to be more direct and to the point. On the other hand, low-context culture does not have any such shared background. Power Distance Index & Examples | What is Power Distance? High-context cultures are collectivist cultures. (2014, December 10). A high-context culture is a culture or society that communicates dominantly through the use of contextual elements, such as specific forms of body language, the status of an individual, and. France. In S. Thompson (ed. Answer (1 of 2): Examples of high context countries include: Japan, China, and the Arab countries. 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Low-context cultures can seem slightly more formal due to the explicit & precise nature of their messages. [35], The concepts of collectivism and individualism have been applied to high- and low-context cultures by Dutch psychologist Geert Hofstede in his Cultural Dimensions Theory. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. What is culture? "[27] This implies that communication is quite direct and detailed because members of the culture are not expected to have knowledge of each other's histories, past experience or background. Lower-context culture: United States, Germany, Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, Sweden, Canada and other European nations. Members of high-context cultures usually have close relationships that last for an extended period of time. Germany, Sweden, and the United States are generally classified as low-context cultures. Dr. Drew has published over 20 academic articles in scholarly journals. According to Hall, the high-context culture definition relates to a culture by which the rules of communication are primarily and dominantly transmitted through the use of contextual elements. Their communication is less-task oriented, and their decision-making is driven by relationships, shared experiences, and emotions. 15 Examples of High Context - Simplicable Downward, Self-Monitoring, Ingratiation, and Self-Handicapping: Definition & Examples, Impression Management: Festinger's Study of Cognitive Dissonance, Post-Decision Dissonance & Counterattitudinal Advocacy, Attributions and the Correspondence Bias in Psychology: Definition & Dispositions vs. Situational Behavior, Effort Justification: Aronson & Mills Study, Examples & Applications, Self-Serving Attributions: Definition, Bias & Examples, Self-Regulation Theory: Definition & Strategies, High-Context Culture: Definition & Examples, Overjustification Effect: Definition & Examples, Social Epidemiology: Definition & Methods, Self-Promotion in Psychology: Definition & Examples, Mark Snyder's Self-Monitoring System: Definition & Scale, Involuntary Emotional Expression Disorder: Symptoms & Treatment, Attitudes and Persuasion: Help and Review, Attraction & Close Relationships: Help and Review, Stereotypes, Prejudice, & Discrimination: Help and Review, Applied Social Psychology: Help and Review, UExcel Psychology of Adulthood & Aging: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychology of Adulthood & Aging for Teachers: Professional Development, Abnormal Psychology for Teachers: Professional Development, Life Span Developmental Psychology for Teachers: Professional Development, Research Methods in Psychology for Teachers: Professional Development, Social Psychology for Teachers: Professional Development, Psychology for Teachers: Professional Development, Human Growth & Development Studies for Teachers: Professional Development, What is Suicidal Ideation? [37] Because individualistic cultures may value cultural diversity, a more explicit way of communicating is often required to avoid misunderstanding. Not only is the page itself busier . A number of unique characteristics exist to make a clear distinction between high-context vs. low-context cultures and methods of communication. Leaders in high-context cultures, such as Ethiopia, tend to communicate more implicitly, using more nonverbal communication and expressing more vague verbal messages (at least from the viewpoint of a low-context culture). Which countries have low context cultures? - Our Planet Today We'll also look at how they're different and what that means for your work in global business. [6] [38] By contrast, low-context cultures tend to change more rapidly and drastically, allowing extension[definition needed] to happen at faster rates. Moving from high-context communication to low-context communication or vice versa is challenging for students. In this context, we will discuss those topics also. Pages: 3. But we can also use them to talk about smaller groups, such as corporate cultures or a specific setting like the airport. Hofstede, G. (1984). [30] Many singular cultures that are large have subcultures inside of them, making communication and defining them more complicated than the low-context and high-context culture scale. Low context cultures rely on the spoken word to communicate. Developing Cultural Intelligence in Corporations, Cultural Perceptions of Time in Organizations: Monochronic and Polychronic Time, Using CRM to Improve Marketing & Customer Acquisition, Comparing Communication in Cultures with High & Low Tolerance for Ambiguity. In the 1970's, anthropologist Edward T. Hall coined the phrases "high-context culture" and "low- context culture.". [33] This significance follows into many situations such as the workplace, which can be prone to diversified cultures and opportunities for collaboration and working together. Instead, they depend on the explicit code of the words and written rules to convey meaning. High context refers to societies or groups where people have close connections over a long period of time. High-context cultures are those that communicate in ways that are implicit and rely heavily on context. The hypotheses tested indicated the high-context culture in Mexico would provide different motives for communication when compared with the low-context culture of the U.S. Try refreshing the page, or contact customer support. In contrast, a high-context language like Japanese or Chinese can use a high number of homophones but still be understood by a listener who knows the context. Low context communication is more common in the English speaking world, whereas high context communication is more common in Eastern cultures such as Japan and China. Due to this shared understanding, high-context cultures are slightly more informal. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Low use of nonverbal elements. [33] Conversely, in cultural groups with low context, where people share less common knowledge or 'value individuality above group identification', elaborated codes are necessary to avoid misunderstanding. As such, what is said is what is meant, and further analysis of the message is usually unnecessary. The terms low-context and high-context usually refer to language groups or nationalities. High-context cultures are collectivist, value interpersonal relationships, and have members that form stable, close relationships. Type of paper: Research Paper. Unlike the linear communication style preferred in low-context cultures, high-context communicators may use spiral logic, circling around a topic indirectly and looking at it from many tangential or divergent viewpoints. The Lavin Agency Speakers Bureau. High-context cultures are related to connotation. The Nine Competencies that Characterize an IEP, Diversity in the Workplace: Benefits and Obstacles, Intercultural Communication in the Workplace, Additional Resources to Help you Format your Paper in APA Style. Intercultural Business Communication: High Context vs. Low - HubPages Low context can describe situations, environments and cultures. This allows individuals of different generations to communicate through a shared set of values, which, in turn, provides stability to the culture. Remember that culture is dynamic, and that every individual within a culture is unique and may not conform exactly to the general characteristics of that culture. Low-context cultures tend to be logical, analytical, action-oriented, and concerned with the individual. When individuals from high-context and low-context cultures collaborate, there are often difficulties that occur during the exchange of information. High and Low Culture Report.docx - High and Low Culture Cultures and languages are defined as higher or lower context on a spectrum. The same applies for the other characteristics in varied countries. Conclusions are explicitly stated. Family gatherings and interactions with people from high-context cultures are two examples of scenarios in which Americans participate in high-context communications, largely because they are with close-knit groups of people who share similar values, rules, and norms. Sourabh Yadav is a freelance writer & filmmaker. Low-context communicators dont need to be provided with much background information, but they do expect messages to be professional, efficient, and linear in their logic. This also means that low-context communication may fail due to the overload of information, which makes culture lose its screening[definition needed] function. [6] How does her experience in Japan demonstrate what youve learned so far about the different dimensions of culture? Understanding Japan's High Context Culture - Japanjunky Individualism may lead to communicating to all people in a group in the same way, rather than offering hierarchical respect to certain members. In high-context cultures, communication cues are transmitted by posture, voice inflection, gestures, and facial expression. Communication is seen as a way of exchanging information, ideas, and opinions. In high-context cultures, language may be used to assist and maintain relationship-building and to focus on process. The United States, on the other hand, is considered a low-context culture, relying largely on explicit verbal explanations to keep everyone on the same page. Seekprofessional input on your specific circumstances. Three samples were gathered from the US, China, and Korea, three different cultures. Sage Publications. Required fields are marked *, This Article was Last Expert Reviewed on January 24, 2023 by Chris Drew, PhD. 3. High context culture and low context culture examples. High. 2022-10-25 ; it is the way we communicate, do business and see the world. A first step in achieving this goal is to identify one's own culture before delving into the rigors of another. Note: Comparison of low- and high-context cultures reprinted from Business communication: Process & product (p. 64) by M.E. A high-context culture is a culture or society that communicates dominantly through the use of contextual elements, such as specific forms of body language, the status of an individual, and the tone of voice employed during speech. Recognizing High and Low Context Cultures - National Charrette Institute Contents show Low Context Culture Definition Edward T. Hall describes low-context culture as one in which: In contrast, low-context cultures rely on explicit verbal communication. High context cultures have a communication style based on body language, tone, and overall context; while low context cultures are more straightforward and explicit in communication. Examples of a low context communication cultures include The United States, the UK, Switzerland, Canada and Germany. The study suggests that in high-context cultures, such as China and Korea, people tend to be more socially oriented, less confrontational, and more complacent with existing ways of living compared to people from low-context cultures like the US.[23]. As we discuss culture, we are making generalizations to create cultural prototypes. Context is less important than words. The ways by which humans communicate are based heavily on the context of what is being spoken, the individuals involved, and the setting in which the communication takes place. This is in contrast to lower-context cultures in which the shared experiences upon which communication is built can change drastically from one generation to the next, creating communication gaps between parents and children, as in the United States.[18]. Sourabh Yadav (MA) and Peer Reviewed by Chris Drew (PhD), Bureaucratization (Sociology): Definition, Features, Origins, Stereotype Content Model: Examples and Definition. . Websites catering to high-context audiences had a lot of animation & images. Family gatherings, religious congregations, and other social outings with a close-knit group of people are forms of high-context communications that take place regularly in most cultures. [26] The terms high- and low-context cultures are not classified with strict individual characteristics or boundaries. It is important to note that no culture is completely high-context or low-context, since all societies contain at least some parts that are both high and low. Getting the message across. High-context defines cultures that are usually relational and collectivist, and which most highlight interpersonal relationships. Carolyn Meyer (2017)[4]discusses the prototypes for communication in low-context and high-context cultures: Communicators in low-context cultures (such as those in Germany, Scandinavia, and North America) convey their meaning exclusive of the context of a situation. Hall, E. T. (1976). Learn more about our academic and editorial standards. [14] However, understanding the broad tendencies of predominant cultures can help inform and educate individuals on how to better facilitate communication between individuals of differing cultural backgrounds. Characteristics of Low Context People behave according to rules Preference is given to knowledge sharing and transfer Relationships do not last longer On purpose relationships Information is transmitted not through words alone but also through non-verbal cues such as gestures, voice inflection, and facial expression, which can have different meanings in different cultures. Also remember that although cultures are different from one another, no culture or cultural characteristic is better or worse than any other. This is in direct contrast to low-context cultures, in which information is communicated primarily through language and rules are explicitly spelled out. Low-Context Culture Communication & Examples | What Is Low-Context Culture? In anthropology, high-context culture and low-context culture are ends of a continuum of how explicit the messages exchanged in a culture are and how important the context is in communication. Low-context and high-context culture are anthropological concepts that describe the level of explicit information and the importance of context in a cultures communication. Initially, high culture rejects these outsiders but eventually embraces them or appropriates .
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