omicron hospitalization rate vaccinated by age

A and B, Markers indicate estimates, with vertical lines indicating 95% CIs. Selected counties in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Tennessee, and Utah (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm). Implementing strategies that result in the equitable receipt of COVID-19 vaccinations among persons with disproportionately higher hospitalizations rates, including non-Hispanic Black adults, is an urgent public health priority. Without the vaccines many more people would likely be in hospital. References to non-CDC sites on the Internet are Overall, 63% of Americans are fully vaccinated. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. How likely is COVID-19 hospitalization for vaccinated Americans? - USAFacts * Overall rates are unadjusted; rates presented by racial and ethnic group are age-adjusted. Stock, Jade Carruthers, Rachael Wood, Joshua Guedalia, Michal Lipschuetz, Ofer Beharier, Tobias Homan, Sara Mazzilli, Domenico Martinelli, Manaf AlQahtani, Xing Du, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Jussipekka Salo, Milla Hgg, Lauri Sksvuori, Hiam Chemaitelly, Houssein H. Ayoub, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Nature Communications Hospitalization rates during peak Omicron circulation (January 2022) among unvaccinated adults remained 12 times the rates among vaccinated adults who received booster or additional doses and four times the rates among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose. Monthly COVID-19 hospitalization rates were 3.5 to 17.7 times higher in unvaccinated patients than in their vaccinated counterparts, regardless of whether they had received a booster. For mothers of infants in the cohort, we extracted from the electronic health record data: age at pregnancy onset, self-reported race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Multiracial, Native American, Other, White), the primary KPNC facility at which the woman received most of their health care, insurance payor (dichotomized as Medicare/Medicaid/other subsidized insurance and Other), neighborhood deprivation index [NDI]35 categorized into quartiles with higher values representing greater deprivation), pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI=kg/m2; underweight <18.5, normal 18.524.9, overweight 25.029.9, obese 30.0), pre-pregnancy diabetes status, pre-pregnancy hypertension, and parity (0, 1, 2, 3, 4). In the present study, the mothers of only 32% of infants in the cohort received at least 2 doses during pregnancy. **** ICU admission and IMV are not mutually exclusive categories, and patients could have received both. Beginning the week of December 1925, 2021, the B.1.1.529 (Omicron) variant of SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) became the predominant circulating variant in the United States (i.e., accounted for >50% of sequenced isolates). The success of Covid-19 vaccines against omicron: Vaccinated up to five As with previous variants, being vaccinated greatly protects you from severe disease with omicron. First, COVID-19associated hospitalizations might have been missed because of hospital testing practices and test availability. In this large study which included >30,000 infants, we found that receipt of at least two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of infants testing SARS-CoV-2 positive during their first 6 months of life. PubMed The study provides evidence that a previous omicron infection in triple-vaccinated individuals provides high amounts of protection against BA.5 and BA.2 infections. Open 5, e2233273 (2022). In our primary analysis, we implemented a cohort study design where we used Cox proportional hazards models that allow for time-varying covariates to estimate the SARS-CoV-2 infection hazard ratio (HR) in infants of mothers vaccinated with at least 2 doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy and 1 dose only versus mothers who were unvaccinated during pregnancy. Google Scholar. Urban Health 83, 10411062 (2006). COVID-19 vaccination coverage among pregnant women during pregnancyEight Integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 14, 2020-May 8, 2021. "The association between the QCovid risk groups and the risk of death were stronger in people who had received a booster and were infected by the Omicron variant compared with evidence from the Alpha and Delta period in doubly vaccinated individuals," the authors wrote. According to the CDC, hospitalization rates among the unvaccinated were 16 times higher in December overall. To ensure stability and reliability of rates by vaccination status, data are presented beginning when 14 days have passed since at least 5% of the population of adults aged 18 years in the COVID-NET surveillance catchment area had received an additional or booster dose. Real-world data suggest lower COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness against Omicron variants11,12,13,14. 226, 236 e1236.e14 (2022). Klein, N. P. et al. Among fully vaccinated people without a booster, rates were lower at 3,355.5 per 100,000 for COVID-19 cases and 35.4 per 100,000 for hospitalizations. J. Epidemiol. the date of publication. Christopher A. Taylor, PhD1; Michael Whitaker, MPH1; Onika Anglin, MPH1,2; Jennifer Milucky, MSPH1; Kadam Patel, MPH1,2; Huong Pham, MPH1; Shua J. Chai, MD3,4; Nisha B. Alden, MPH5; Kimberly Yousey-Hindes, MPH6; Evan J. Anderson, MD7,8,9; Kenzie Teno, MPH10; Libby Reeg, MPH11; Kathryn Como-Sabetti, MPH12; Molly Bleecker, MA13; Grant Barney, MPH14; Nancy M. Bennett, MD15; Laurie M. Billing, MPH16; Melissa Sutton, MD17; H. Keipp Talbot, MD18; Keegan McCaffrey19; Fiona P. Havers, MD1; COVID-NET Surveillance Team (View author affiliations). It's not clear which variant might have been associated with these hospitalizations. Am. BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness against omicron in children 5 to 11 years of age. Blakeway, H. et al. Waning 2-dose and 3-dose effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19-associated emergency department and urgent care encounters and hospitalizations among adults during periods of delta and omicron variant predominanceVISION Network, 10 states, August 2021-January 2022. PubMedGoogle Scholar. SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and variants under investigation in England: technical briefing 35. The mean age at pregnancy onset was 31.62 years (standard deviation of 4.66 years). Estimated effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines against omicron or delta symptomatic infection and severe outcomes. As Omicron spread in the US, hospitalization rates in December were much lower for the vaccinated. CAS J. J. Includes current treatment or recent diagnosis of an immunosuppressive condition or use of an immunosuppressive therapy during the preceding 12 months. The average age of decedents was 83.3 years. Estimation of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine effectiveness against medically attended COVID-19 in pregnancy during periods of delta and Omicron variant predominance in the United States. The KPNC Institutional review board approved and waived consent for this study. This preceded and had no relation to COVID-19, and GD had no role in and received no funding from the project. Age was the most important risk factor for COVID-19 death (eg, HR, 31.3 for an 80-year-old vs a 50-year-old). From Jan 1 to Mar 16, 2022, when Omicron was predominant, 4,781 (0.02%) of 19,473,570 booster recipients died of COVID-19, and 58,020 (0.3%) died of other causes. We thank staff at UKHSA and members of the UK Government SPI-M committee and the UKHSA Variant Technical Group for valuable discussions. N. Engl. Andrews, N. et al. Health and Human Services. Accessed March 10, 2022. Although the study was unable to directly estimate VE against hospitalization due to the small number of hospitalized cases, it found that over the entire study period, the incidence rate of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life was much lower among the infants whose mothers were vaccinated during pregnancy compared with those whose mothers were not vaccinated. Children currently account for about 18.5% of reported COVID-19 cases in the United States1. 26 Among those fully vaccinated individuals 5 years of age who are booster eligible, only 49% have received a . Monthly incidence is based on SARS-CoV-2 positive test result date or, if not known, hospital admission date. PubMed Central image, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04474-x, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04479-6, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.18.22269082, https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/national-flu-and-covid-19-surveillance-reports-2021-to-2022-season, Download .pdf (.95 * Data are from a weighted sample of hospitalized nonpregnant adults with completed medical record abstractions and a discharge disposition. 139, e20164091 (2017). Percentages presented were weighted to account for the probability of selection for sampled cases (3). The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Finally, we conducted additional supplemental analyses to estimate VE among children whose mothers received at least one vaccine dose prior to pregnancy onset and at least one dose during pregnancy. During Omicron predominance, shortly after the Food and Drug Administration authorized COVID-19 vaccination for this age group, population-based hospitalization rates among unvaccinated children were twice as high as were those among vaccinated children. Only 16% of children between the ages of 5 and 11 are fully vaccinated, and that number climbs to just over 50% of adolescents between ages 12 and 17, according to CDC data . Delahoy MJ, Whitaker M, OHalloran A, et al. Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. and B.F. P.R. Saving Lives, Protecting People, https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#variant-proportions, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/covid-net/purpose-methods.html, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6915e3.htm, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/bridged_race.htm, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.08.27.21262356v1, https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/70/wr/mm7050e2.htm, https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255, https://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2021.08.27.21262356v1, https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045v1, https://data.cdc.gov/Vaccinations/COVID-19-Vaccination-Demographics-in-the-United-St/km4m-vcsb, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html, https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.30479, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, American Indian or Alaska Native, non-Hispanic, Psychiatric admission requiring medical care. Shook, L. L. et al. We did not have genotyping data to confirm the variant that infected infants who tested positive and instead relied on state data regarding circulating strain predominance in the Northern California region. Baden, L. R. et al. Maternal vaccination and risk of hospitalization for Covid-19 among infants. We monitored the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (anti-N) and spike protein (anti-S) antibodies in blood donors across Canada from September 2021 to June 2022 in 202,123 . Sample sizes presented are unweighted with weighted percentages. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:134754. This analysis describes weekly hospitalization rates during Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods. The TND analyses avoid this bias by limiting the analysis to infants who were tested for SARS-CoV-2. B, Severe outcomes included hospitalization and death. The Spanish Health Ministry also publishes hospitalization data throughout Spain broken down by vaccination status, although in this case it is based on estimates: to calculate the number of unvaccinated in each age group, they subtract the number of vaccinated from the population in 2020.However, the target population will have grown since then, so it is possible that the ministry's . Most hospitalized children were unvaccinated, and nearly one in three were Black. *** LTCF residents include hospitalized adults who were identified as residents of a nursing home/skilled nursing facility, rehabilitation facility, assisted living/residential care, long-term acute care hospital, group/retirement home, or other LTCF upon hospital admission. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. As infants aged, protection provided by maternal vaccination decreased during both periods. Further information on research design is available in theNature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. Johnson AG, Amin AB, Ali AR, et al. Third, because immunocompromise status is not always known, it is not possible to distinguish between booster and additional doses; this could have influenced observed rates. The findings in this report are subject to at least four limitations. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Article DeSilva, M. et al. The group raised concerns about a small number of Guillain-Barre syndrome cases in vaccine recipients and wanted more data, especially on efficacy in those at highest risk. Article Like all observational studies, our study results are susceptible to residual confounding. American Academy of Pediatrics. Sarah J. 387, 109119 (2022). Questions or messages regarding errors in formatting should be addressed to Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in children. We also conducted analyses based on the trimester during which the vaccine was received during pregnancy (first, second, or third trimester). 40, e137e145 (2021). adjudicated chart reviews. Article Foppa, I. M., Haber, M., Ferdinands, J. M. & Shay, D. K. The case test-negative design for studies of the effectiveness of influenza vaccine. This is consistent with data showing the incidence of positive SARS-CoV-2 test results or death from COVID-19 is higher among unvaccinated adults and adults who have not received a booster than among those who have received a booster or additional dose (5). Buchan, S. A. et al. These findings are consistent with the diminishing of pregnancy-derived antibodies in infants over time22. Mothers were classified as either having had 2 doses or one dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy (and completed more than 14 days prior to delivery) or not having had any COVID-19 vaccines prior to delivery. In the US, as of the end of September 2022, almost 15 million children ages <18 years have tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Klein, N. P. et al. IMV status was missing in 1.4% (weighted) of hospitalizations; these hospitalizations are otherwise included elsewhere in the analysis. NHS Test and Trace statistics (England): methodology. During the study period, the omicron variant experienced a rapidly increasing incidence, whereas the delta variant was experiencing a decreasing or less rapidly increasing incidence. You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. Table 2. supervised chart reviews. Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Vaccine Study Center, Oakland, CA, USA, Ousseny Zerbo,G. Thomas Ray,Bruce Fireman,Evan Layefsky,Kristin Goddard,Edwin Lewis,Pat Ross&Nicola P. Klein, Yale University, Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA, Department of Internal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA, Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland, Oakland, CA, USA, Regional Perinatal Service Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Santa Clara, CA, USA, You can also search for this author in Mortal. TN, NMF, SB, EV, SRS, DDA, and AMP developed the methodology. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the study population and calculated crude rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization by maternal vaccination status. Hospitalizations rates increased among all adults irrespective of vaccination status (unvaccinated, primary series only, or primary series plus a booster or additional dose). The prevalence of primary COVID-19 vaccination and of receipt of a booster dose were lower among Black adults compared with White adults. Classification of omicron (B.1.1.529): SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. These persons are excluded from the proportions of race/ethnicity but are included in other analyses. SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to severe illnesses and hospitalizations in children and infants2,3,4,5. Although all data used in this analysis were anonymised, the individual-level nature of the data used risks individuals being identified, or being able to self-identify, if the data are released publicly. The population of unvaccinated adults is determined by subtracting the number of adults who received any dose of vaccine, as previously defined, from the population. JAMA Netw Open 2021;4:e2130479. Infect. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Second, vaccination status is subject to misclassification; this might affect estimation of rates by vaccination status. For children whose mothers received one dose before pregnancy and two doses during pregnancy, VE against infection was 89% during the first 2 months of life, 73% during the first 4 months of life, and 48% up to 6 months of life. The average age of participants was 60.8 years, and 92.0% were White. The report shows people catching Omicron are: 31% to 45% less likely to go to A&E. 50% to 70% less likely to be admitted to hospital for treatment. Protection during both periods decreased as infants aged. 189, 13791388 (2020). However, in contrast with the Norwegian study which reported that infants of mothers who were vaccinated had a 33% decreased risk of testing positive during the first 4 months of life during the Omicron period17, our study found a 13% reduced risk that was not statistically significant. Article Moline HL, Whitaker M, Deng L, et al. 552a; 44 U.S.C. Gretchen Rothrock, California Emerging Infections Program; Millen Tsegaye, Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment; Julie Plano, Connecticut Emerging Infections Program, Yale School of Public Health; Kyle Openo, Georgia Emerging Infections Program, Georgia Department of Public Health Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University; Andy Weigel, Iowa Department of Health; Chloe Brown, Michigan Department of Health and Human Services; Erica Bye, Minnesota Department of Health; Wickliffe Omondi, New Mexico Emerging Infections Program, University of New Mexico; Alison Muse, New York State Department of Health; Christina Felsen, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry; Eli Shiltz, Ohio Department of Health; Nasreen Abdullah, Public Health Division, Oregon Health Authority; William Schaffner, Vanderbilt University Medical Center; Melanie Crossland, Salt Lake County Health Department. The company also said full results of its 2,250-person study confirmed the pill's promising early results against the virus: The drug reduced combined hospitalizations and deaths by about 89. volume14, Articlenumber:894 (2023) Association of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy with incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. The cohort analyses may be biased toward the null if some infected infants were misclassified as uninfected due to the absence of a SARS-CoV-2 test result in the medical record. https://downloads.aap.org/AAP/PDF/AAP%20and%20CHA%20-%20Children%20and%20COVID-19%20State%20Data%20Report%209.29.22%20FINAL.pdf?_ga=2.255000394.335550773.1665001859-370326403.1636740765 (2022). Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the In-Hospital Prognosis of Patients During the Omicron period, among children whose mothers received 1 dose before pregnancy and 1 dose during pregnancy, VE against infection was 46% (95% CI: 23, 77) during the first 2 months of life, 16% (95% CI: 28, 50) during the first 4 months of life and 3% (95% CI: 32, 36) during the first 6 months of life compared with children whose mothers were unvaccinated (Supplemental Table4). M.G. "People who get vaccinated may be more cautious about COVID in general, or perhaps getting vaccinated makes them less cautious, or they may live in states with more/less COVID risk, etc," Jit said. Omicron cases are exploding. Scientists still don't know how bad the PubMed Maternal vaccination was protective, but protection was lower during Omicron than during Delta. of pages found at these sites. The rate among adults who received a primary series, but no booster or additional dose (133.5), was three times the rate among adults who received a booster or additional dose (45.0). No other exclusion criteria were applied. Iowa does not provide data on vaccination status. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. This is in keeping with the age profile. JAMA Netw. While this proportion might not be representative of the proportion of vaccinated pregnant women within KPNC because of our exclusion criteria, more efforts are needed to promote COVID-19 vaccines for pregnant persons because vaccination provides protection to mothers and their infants until they are old enough to receive their own COVID-19 vaccines. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7112e2. Finally, the COVID-NET catchment areas include approximately 10% of the U.S. population; thus, these findings might not be nationally generalizable. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Messer, L. C. et al. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between the Delta- and Omicron-predominant periods; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. The proportion of hospitalized adults who received booster or additional doses increased from 1.3% during the Delta-predominant period to 13.4% during the Omicron-predominant period (p<0.01)***; among these, 10.7% were long-term care facility residents and 69.5% had an immunosuppressive condition. Black adults accounted for 25.2% of all unvaccinated persons hospitalized during the Delta-predominant period; that proportion increased by 23%, to 31.0% during the Omicron-predominant period.